
1.0 Definition of Terms
(Continued)
Passband Gain:
the notch filter’s gain for signal frequen-
cies near dc or f
CLK
/2. The passband gain of a notch filter is
also called ‘‘H
ON
’’. For the LMF90, the passband gain is
nominally 0 dB.
Passband Ripple:
the variation in gain within the filter’s
passband.
Stopband:
for a notch filter, the range of frequencies for
which the attenuation is at least A
min
(f
S1
to f
S2
) in Figure
1 ).
Stop Frequency:
one of the two frequencies (f
S1
and f
S2
)
at the edges of the notch’s stopband.
Stopband Width (SBW):
the difference in frequency be-
tween the two stopband edges (f
S2
–f
S1
).
TL/H/10354–5
FIGURE 1. General Form of Notch Response
2.0 Applications Information
2.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The LMF90 uses switched-capacitor techniques to realize a
fourth-order elliptic notch transfer function with 0.25 dB
passband ripple. No external components other than supply
bypass capacitors and a clock (or crystal) are required.
As is evident from the block diagram, the analog signal path
consists of a fourth-order bandpass filter and a summing
amplifier. The analog input signal is applied to the input of
the bandpass filter, and to one of the summing amplifier
inputs. The bandpass filter’s output drives the other sum-
ming amplifier input. The output of the summing amplifier is
the difference between the input signal and the bandpass
output, and has a notch filter characteristic. Notch width and
depth are controlled by the dc programming voltages ap-
plied to two pins (1 and 10), and the center frequency is
proportional to the clock frequency, which may be generat-
ed externally or internally with the aid of an external crystal.
The clock-to-center-frequency ratio can be one of three dif-
ferent values, and is selected by the voltage on a three-level
logic input (pin 2).
The clock signal passes through a digital frequency divider
circuit that can divide the clock frequency by any of three
different factors before it reaches the filters. This divider can
also be disabled, if desired. Pin 7 enables and disables the
frequency divider and also configures the clock inputs for
operation with an external CMOS or TTL clock or with the
internal oscillator circuit.
TL/H/10354–6
FIGURE 2. LMF90 Block Diagram
11