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參數資料
| 型號： | ADP1173AR |
| 廠商： | ANALOG DEVICES INC |
| 元件分類： | 穩壓器 |
| 英文描述： | Micropower DC-DC Converter |
| 中文描述： | 1.5 A SWITCHING REGULATOR, 32 kHz SWITCHING FREQ-MAX, PDSO8 |
| 封裝： | PLASTIC, SO-8 |
| 文件頁數： | 6/16頁 |
| 文件大小： | 478K |
| 代理商： | ADP1173AR |
ADP1173
–6–
REV. 0
When the internal power switch turns ON, current flow in the
inductor increases at the rate of:
I
L
(
t
)
=
V
IN
R
′
1–
e
–
R
′
t
L
(3)
where L is in henrys and R' is the sum of the switch equivalent
resistance (typically 0.8
at +25
°
C) and the dc resistance of
the inductor. In most applications, where the voltage drop across
the switch is small compared to V
IN
, a simpler equation can be
used:
I
L
(
t
)
=
V
IN
L
Replacing “t” in the above equation with the ON time of the
ADP1173 (23
μ
s, typical) will define the peak current for a
given inductor value and input voltage. At this point, the
inductor energy can be calculated as follows:
t
(4)
E
L
=
1
2
LI
2
PEAK
(5)
As previously mentioned,
E
L
must be greater than P
L
/f
OSC
so the
ADP1173 can deliver the necessary power to the load. For best
efficiency, peak current should be limited to 1 A or less. Higher
switch currents will reduce efficiency, because of increased
saturation voltage in the switch. High peak current also increases
output ripple. As a general rule, keep peak current as low as pos-
sible to minimize losses in the switch, inductor and diode.
In practice, the inductor value is easily selected using the equa-
tions above. For example, consider a supply that will generate
9 V at 50 mA from a 3 V source. The inductor power required
is, from Equation 1:
P
L
=
(9
V
+
0.5
V
–3
V
)
×
(50
mA
)
=
325
mW
On each switching cycle, the inductor must supply:
P
L
f
OSC
=
325
mW
24
kHz
=
13.5
μ
J
The required inductor power is fairly low in this example, so the
peak current can also be low. Assuming a peak current of 500 mA
as a starting point, Equation 4 can be rearranged to recommend
an inductor value:
L
=
V
IN
I
L
(
MAX
)
t
=
3
V
500
mA
23
μ
s
=
138
μ
H
Substituting a standard inductor value of 100
μ
H, with 0.2
dc
resistance, will produce a peak switch current of:
I
PEAK
=
3
V
1.0
1–
e
–1.0
×
23
μ
s
100
μ
H
=
616
mA
Once the peak current is known, the inductor energy can be
calculated from Equation 5:
E
L
=
1
2(100
μ
H
)
×
(616
mA
)
2
=
19
μ
J
The inductor energy of 19
μ
J is greater than the P
L
/f
OSC
re-
quirement of 13.5
μ
J, so the 100
μ
H inductor will work in this
application. By substituting other inductor values into the same
equations, the optimum inductor value can be selected.
When selecting an inductor, the peak current must not exceed
the maximum switch current of 1.5 A. If the equations shown
above result in peak currents > 1.5 A, the ADP1073 should be
considered. This device has a 72% duty cycle, so more energy is
stored in the inductor on each cycle. This results in greater
output power.
The peak current must be evaluated for both minimum and
maximum values of input voltage. If the switch current is high
when V
IN
is at its minimum, then the 1.5 A limit may be ex-
ceeded at the maximum value of V
IN
. In this case, the ADP1173’s
current limit feature can be used to limit switch current. Simply
select a resistor (using Figure 4) that will limit the maximum
switch current to the I
PEAK
value calculated for the minimum
value of V
IN
. This will improve efficiency by producing a con-
stant I
PEAK
as V
IN
increases. See the Limiting the Switch Current
section of this data sheet for more information.
Note that the switch current limit feature does not protect the
circuit if the output is shorted to ground. In this case, current is
only limited by the dc resistance of the inductor and the forward
voltage of the diode.
Inductor Selection—Step-Down Converter
The step-down mode of operation is shown in Figure 15. Unlike
the step-up mode, the ADP1173’s power switch does not
saturate when operating in the step-down mode. Therefore,
switch current should be limited to 650 mA in this mode. If the
input voltage will vary over a wide range, the I
LIM
pin can be
used to limit the maximum switch current. If higher output
current is required, the ADP1111 should be considered.
The first step in selecting the step-down inductor is to calculate
the peak switch current as follows:
V
OUT
+
V
D
V
IN
–
V
SW
+
V
D
I
PEAK
=
2
I
OUT
DC
(6)
where
DC
= duty cycle (0.55 for the ADP1173)
V
SW
= voltage drop across the switch
V
D
= diode drop (0.5 V for a 1N5818)
I
OUT
= output current
V
OUT
= the output voltage
V
IN
= the minimum input voltage
As previously mentioned, the switch voltage is higher in step-
down mode than step-up mode. V
SW
is a function of switch
current and is therefore a function of V
IN
, L, time and V
OUT
.
For most applications, a V
SW
value of 1.5 V is recommended.
The inductor value can now be calculated:
L
=
V
IN
(
MIN
)
–
V
SW
–
V
OUT
I
PEAK
where
t
ON
= switch ON time (23
μ
s)
If the input voltage will vary (such as an application that must
operate from a 12 V to 24 V source) an R
LIM
resistor should be
selected from Figure 5. The R
LIM
resistor will keep switch cur-
rent constant as the input voltage rises. Note that there are separate
R
LIM
values for step-up and step-down modes of operation.
×
t
ON
(7)
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