
FM8P51
Rev1.2 Mar 15, 2005
P.41/FM8P51
FEELING
TECHNOLOGY
2.13 Hexadecimal Convert to Decimal (HCD)
Decimal format is another number format for FM8P51 series. When the content of the data memory has been
assigned as decimal format, it is necessary to convert the results to decimal format after the execution of ALU
instructions. When the decimal converting operation is processing, all of the operand data (including the contents of
the data memory (RAM), accumulator (ACC), immediate data, and look-up table) should be in the decimal format, or
the results of conversion will be incorrect.
Instruction DAA can convert the ACC data from hexadecimal to decimal format after any addition operation and
restored to ACC.
The conversion operation is illustrated in example 2.2.
EXAMPLE 2.2: DAA CONVERSION
MOVIA
90h
;Set immediate data = decimal format number “90” (ACC
90h)
MOVAR
30h
;Load immediate data “90” to data memory address 30H
MOVIA
10h
;Set immediate data = decimal format number “10” (ACC
10h)
ADDAR
30h, 0
;Contents of the data memory address 30H and ACC are binary-added
;the result loads to the ACC (ACC
A0h, C
0)
DAA
;Convert the content of ACC to decimal format, and restored to ACC
;The result in the ACC is “00” and the carry bit C is “1”. This represents the
;decimal number “100”
Instruction DAS can convert the ACC data from hexadecimal to decimal format after any subtraction
operation and restored to ACC.
The conversion operation is illustrated in example 2.3.
EXAMPLE 2.3: DAS CONVERSION
MOVIA
10h
;Set immediate data = decimal format number “10” (ACC
10h)
MOVAR
30h
;Load immediate data “10” to data memory address 30H
MOVIA
20h
;Set immediate data = decimal format number “20” (ACC
20h)
SUBAR
30h, 0
;Contents of the data memory address 30H and ACC are binary-subtracted
;the result loads to the ACC (ACC
F0h, C
0)
DAS
;Convert the content of ACC to decimal format, and restored to ACC
;The result in the ACC is “90” and the carry bit C is “0”. This represents the
;decimal number “ -10”
2.14 Oscillator Configurations
FM8P51 series can be operated in four different oscillator modes. Users can program two configuration bits
(Fosc<1:0>) to select the appropriate modes:
LF: Low Frequency Crystal Oscillator
HF: High Frequency Crystal/Resonator Oscillator
ERIC: External Resistor/Internal Capacitor Oscillator
ERC: External Resistor/Capacitor Oscillator
In LF, or HF modes, a crystal or ceramic resonator in connected to the OSCI and OSCO pins to establish oscillation.
When in LF, or HF modes, the devices can have an external clock source drive the OSCI pin.
The ERC/ERIC device option offers additional cost savings for timing insensitive applications. The RC oscillator
frequency is a function of the supply voltage, the resistor (Rext) and capacitor (Cext), the operating temperature,
and the process parameter.