
DVIN +
I
OUT(MAX)
0.25
CBULK
sw
) IOUT(MAX)
ESR
MAX
(2)
I
CIN +
I
OUT(MAX)
2
(3)
L
MIN +
V
OUT(MAX)
V
IN(MAX) *
V
OUT
V
IN(MAX)
K
IND
I
OUT
F
SW(MIN)
(4)
SLVS935 – JULY 2009 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com
Switching Frequency
The switching frequency for the TPS5450 is internally set to 500 kHz. It is not possible to adjust the switching
frequency.
Input Capacitors
The TPS5450 requires an input decoupling capacitor and, depending on the application, a bulk input capacitor.
The minimum recommended decoupling capacitance is 4.7
F. A high-quality ceramic type X5R or X7R is
required. For some applications, a smaller value decoupling capacitor may be used, so long as the input voltage
and current ripple ratings are not exceeded. The voltage rating must be greater than the maximum input voltage,
including ripple.
This input ripple voltage can be approximated by
Equation 2 :
Where IOUT(MAX) is the maximum load current, fSW is the switching frequency, CIN is the input capacitor value and
ESRMAX is the maximum series resistance of the input capacitor. For this design, the input capacitance consists
of two 4.7
F capacitors, C1 and C4, in parallel. An additional high-frequency bypass capacitor, C5 is also used.
The maximum RMS ripple current also needs to be checked. For worst case conditions, this can be
In this case the input ripple voltage would be 281 mV and the RMS ripple current would be 2.5 A. The maximum
voltage across the input capacitors would be VIN max plus delta VIN/2. The chosen input decoupling capacitor is
rated for 50 V, and the ripple current capacity is greater than 2.5 A each, providing ample margin. It is very
important that the maximum ratings for voltage and current are not exceeded under any circumstance.
Additionally some bulk capacitance may be needed, especially if the TPS5450 circuit is not located within about
2 inches from the input voltage source. The value for this capacitor is not critical but it also should be rated to
handle the maximum input voltage including ripple voltage and should filter the output so that input ripple voltage
is acceptable.
Output Filter Components
Two components need to be selected for the output filter, L1 and C2. Because the TPS5450 is an internally
compensated device, a limited range of filter component types and values can be supported.
Inductor Selection
To calculate the minimum value of the output inductor, use
Equation 4:KIND is a coefficient that represents the amount of inductor ripple current relative to the maximum output current.
Three things need to be considered when determining the amount of ripple current in the inductor: the
peak-to-peak ripple current affects the output ripple voltage amplitude, the ripple current affects the peak switch
current, and the amount of ripple current determines at what point the circuit becomes discontinuous. For
designs using the TPS5450, KIND of 0.2 to 0.3 yields good results. Low output ripple voltages can be obtained
when paired with the proper output capacitor, the peak switch current will be well below the current limit set point,
and relatively low load currents can be sourced before discontinuous operation.
For this design example use KIND = 0.2 and the minimum inductor value is calculated to be 10.4 H. A higher
standard value is 15
H, which is used in this design.
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Copyright 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated