
Philips Semiconductors
Product data
NE57605
Lithium-ion battery protector for
3 or 4 cell battery packs
2001 Oct 03
7
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The typical 4-cell lithium-ion or polymer protection circuit based
upon the NE57605 is seen in Figure 5.
With a minor redesign, the NE57605 3-cell system is shown in
Figure 6. Pin 11 (SEL) is connected to ground.
The NE57605 drives the series P-Channel MOSFETs to states
determined by each of the cell’s voltage and the battery pack load
current. During normal periods of operation, both the discharge and
charge MOSFETs are in the ON state, thus allowing bi-directional
current flow.
If the battery pack is being charged, and any of the cell’s voltage
exceeds the overvoltage threshold, then the charge MOSFET is
turned OFF (the charge FET is the FET closest to the pack’s
external terminal). The cell’s voltage must fall lower than the
overvoltage hysteresis voltage (VOV(hyst)) before the charge
MOSFET is again turned ON.
If the battery pack is being discharged and the undervoltage
threshold (VUV(th)) is exceeded by any of the cells, then the
discharge MOSFET is turned OFF. It will not run back ON until a
charger is applied to the pack’s external terminals and the cell’s
voltage rises above the undervoltage hysteresis voltage (VUV(hyst)).
When the battery pack is being discharged, the load current causes
the voltage across the discharge MOSFET to increase past the
overcurrent threshold voltage (VOC(th)), then the discharge MOSFET
is turned OFF after a fixed 7–18 ms delay. If short-circuit is placed
across the pack’s terminals, then the discharge MOSFET is turned
OFF after a 100–300
s time delay to avoid damaging the
MOSFETs.
DISCHARGE
FET
CHARGE
FET
47 k
10 k
10 k
V+
330
VCC DF
CS
CF
910 k
NE57605
CDLY(UV)
CDLY(OV)
CDLY(OC)
V–
CON
GND
SEL
0.1
F
VC4
0.1
F
330
Li-ION
CELL 4
0.1
F
1 k
Li-ION
CELL 3
0.1
F
1 k
Li-ION
CELL 2
0.1
F
1 k
Li-ION
CELL 1
VC3
VC2
VC1
SYSTEM
GROUND
REFERENCE
SL01584
Figure 5. 4-cell protection circuit
DISCHARGE
FET
CHARGE
FET
47 k
10 k
10 k
V+
330
VCC DF
CS
CF
910 k
NE57605
CDLY(UV)
CDLY(OV)
CDLY(OC)
V–
CON
GND
SEL
0.1
F
VC4
0.1
F
330
Li-ION
CELL 4
0.1
F
1 k
Li-ION
CELL 3
0.1
F
1 k
Li-ION
CELL 2
VC3
VC2
VC1
SYSTEM
GROUND
REFERENCE
SL01585
Figure 6. 3-cell protection circuit
FET STATUS FOR NORMAL AND ABNORMAL
CONDITIONS
Operating Mode and
Charging Condition
Charge
FET (CF)
Discharge
FET (DF)
Normal (charging or discharging)
ON
Overcharge (charging)
OFF
ON
Overcharge (discharging)
ON
Overdischarge (discharging)
OFF
Overdischarge (charging)
ON
Overcurrent (charging or discharging)
OFF
Normal mode:
Overdischarge detection voltage < battery voltage
< overcharge detection voltage
Discharge current < overcurrent detection level
Overcharge mode:
Battery voltage > overcharge detection voltage
Overdischarge mode:
Overdischarge detection voltage > battery voltage
Overcurrent mode:
Discharge current > overcurrent detection level
voltage between VM and GND = discharge current × FET
ON resistance (discharge or charge FET)