
AD9954
control the output amplitude by writing the scale factor value
into the amplitude scale factor (ASF) register.
Rev. 0 | Page 28 of 36
The shaped on-off keying function may be bypassed (disabled)
by clearing the OSK enable bit (CFR1<25> = 0).
The modes are controlled by two bits located in the most sig-
nificant byte of the control function register (CFR). CFR1<25>
is the shaped on-off keying enable bit. When CFR1<25> is set,
the output scaling function is enabled; CFR1<25> bypasses the
function. CFR1<24> is the internal shaped on-off keying active
bit. When CFR1<24> is set, internal shaped on-off keying mode
is active; CFR1<24> cleared is external shaped on-off keying
mode active. CFR1<24> is a Don’t Care if the shaped on-off
keying enable bit (CFR1<25>) is cleared. The power up condi-
tion is shaped on-off keying disabled (CFR1<25> = 0).
Figure 22 shows the block diagram of the OSK circuitry.
AUTO Shaped On-Off Keying Mode Operation
The auto shaped on-off keying mode is active when CFR1<25>
and CFR1<24> are set. When auto shaped on-off keying mode
is enabled, a single scale factor is internally generated and
applied to the multiplier input for scaling the output of the DDS
core block (see Figure 22). The scale factor is the output of a
14-bit counter that increments/decrements at a rate determined
by the contents of the 8-bit output ramp rate register. The scale
factor increases if the OSK pin is high and decreases if the OSK
pin is low. The scale factor is an unsigned value such that all 0s
multiply the DDS core output by 0 (decimal) and 0x3FFF mul-
tiplies the DDS core output by 16383 (decimal).
For those users who use the full amplitude (14-bits) but need
fast ramp rates, the internally generated scale factor step size
is controlled via the ASF<15:14> bits. Table 11 describes the
increment/decrement step size of the internally generated scale
factor per the ASF<15:14> bits.
A special feature of this mode is that the maximum output
amplitude allowed is limited by the contents of the amplitude
scale factor register. This allows the user to ramp to a value less
than full scale.
Table 11. Auto-Scale Factor Internal Step Size
ASF<15:14> (Binary)
00
01
10
11
Increment/Decrement Size
1
2
4
8
OSK Ramp Rate Timer
The OSK ramp rate timer is a loadable down counter, which
generates the clock signal to the 14-bit counter that generates
the internal scale factor. The ramp rate timer is loaded with the
value of the ASFR every time the counter reaches 1 (decimal).
This load and countdown operation continues for as long as the
timer is enabled, unless the timer is forced to load before reach-
ing a count of 1.
If the load OSK timer bit (CFR1<26>) is set, the ramp rate timer
is loaded upon an I/O UPDATE, upon a change in profile input,
or upon reaching a value of 1. The ramp timer can be loaded
before reaching a count of 1 by three methods.
Method one is by changing the OSK input pin. When the OSK
input pin changes state, the ASFR value is loaded into the ramp
rate timer, which then proceeds to count down as normal.
The second method in which the sweep ramp rate timer can be
loaded before reaching a count of 1 is if the load OSK timer bit
(CFR1<26>) is set and an I/O UPDATE (or change in profile) is
issued.
The last method in which the sweep ramp rate timer can be
loaded before reaching a count of 1 is when going from the
inactive auto shaped on-off keying mode to the active auto
shaped on-off keying mode. That is, when the sweep enable bit
is being set.
0
OSK PIN
LOAD OSK TIMER
CFR1<26>
SYNC_CLK
AUTO DESK
EMABLE
TO DAC
AUTO SCALE
FACTOR GENERATOR
RAMP RATE TIMER
CLOCK
DDS CORE
OSK ENABLE
CFR<25>
AMPLITUDE SCALE
FACTOR REGISTER
(ASF)
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
HOLD
UP/DN
INC/DEC ENABLE
OUT
COS(X)
AMPLITUDE RAMP
RATE REGISTER
(ASF)
DATA
LOAD
EN
Figure 22. On-Off Shaped Keying, Block Diagram