
AD9910
RAM CONTROL
RAM Overview
The AD9910 makes use of a 1024 × 32-bit RAM. The RAM has
two fundamental modes of operation: data entry/retrieve mode
and playback mode. Data entry/retrieve mode is active when
the RAM data is being loaded or read back via the serial I/O
port. Playback mode is active when the RAM contents are
routed to one of the internal data destinations.
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Depending on the specific playback mode, the user can
partition the RAM with up to eight independent time domain
waveforms. These waveforms drive the DDS signal control
parameters allowing for frequency, phase, amplitude, or polar
modulated signals.
RAM operations are enabled by setting the RAM enable bit in
Control Function Register 1; an I/O update (or a profile change)
is necessary to enact any change to the state of this bit.
Waveforms are generated using eight RAM profile registers that
are accessed via the three profile pins. Each profile contains the
following:
10-bit waveform start address word
10-bit waveform end address word
16-bit address step rate control word
3-bit RAM mode control word
No-dwell high bit
Zero-crossing bit
The user must ensure that the end address is greater than the
start address.
Each profile defines the number of samples and the sample rate
for a given waveform. In conjunction with an internal state
machine, the RAM contents are delivered to the appropriate
DDS signal control parameter(s) at the specified rate. Further-
more, the state machine can control the order in which samples
are extracted from RAM (forward/reverse), facilitating efficient
generation of time symmetric waveforms.
Load/Retrieve RAM Operation
It is strongly recommended that RAM enable = 0 when
performing RAM load/retrieve operations. Loading or
retrieving the contents of the RAM requires a three-step
process.
1.
Program the RAM Profile<0:7> registers with the start and
end addresses that are to define the boundaries of each
independent waveform.
Drive the appropriate logic levels on the profile pins to
select the desired RAM profile.
2.
3.
Write (or read) the address range specified by the selected
RAM profile via the serial port (see the Serial Programming
section for details). Figure 41 is a block diagram showing
the functional components used for RAM data load/retrieve
operation.
During RAM load/retrieve operations, the state machine controls
an up/down counter to step through the required RAM loca-
tions. The counter synchronizes with the serial I/O port so that
the serial/parallel conversion of the 32-bit words is correctly
timed with the generation of the appropriate RAM address to
properly execute the desired read or write operation.
RAM
A
D
Q
SCLK
I/O_RESET
SDIO
CS
PROFILE
WAVEFORM END ADDRESS
WAVEFORM START ADDRESS
ADDRESS CLOCK
PROGRAMMING
REGISTERS
STATE
MACHINE
UP/DOWN
COUNTER
SERIAL
I/O
PORT
2
32
10
10
U/D
3
0
Figure 41. RAM Data Load/Retrieve Operation
The RAM profiles are completely independent; it is possible
to define overlapping address ranges. Doing so causes data
that has been written to overlapped address locations to be
overwritten by the most recent write operation.
Multiple waveforms can be loaded into RAM by treating them
as a single waveform, that is, a time-domain concatenation of all
the waveforms. This is done by programming one of the RAM
profiles with a start and end address spanning the entire range
of the concatenated waveforms. Then the single concatenated
waveform is written into RAM via the serial I/O port using the
same RAM profile that was programmed with the start and end
addresses. The RAM profiles must then be programmed with
the proper start and end addresses associated with each
individual
waveform
.
RAM Playback Operation (Waveform Generation)
When the RAM has been loaded with the desired waveform
data, it can then be used for waveform generation during
playback. RAM playback requires that RAM enable = 1. To
playback RAM data select the desired waveform using the
profile pins. The selected profile directs the internal state
machine by defining the RAM address range occupied by the
waveform, the rate at which samples are to be extracted from
the RAM (playback rate), the mode of operation, and whether
to use the no-dwell feature. Figure 42 is a block diagram
showing the functional components used for RAM playback
operation.